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2021年08月16日

By JACKIE CALMES

When President Obama was first elected, aides say, he saw Representative Paul D. Ryan, another ambitious Midwestern policy wonk, as someone he could possibly work with to reverse the building federal debt.

He soon would change his view, as he made plain on Sunday in welcoming Mr. Ryan to the race as Mitt Romney’s running mate. “The ideological leader of Republicans in Congress,” Mr. Obama called him, affixing a label clearly not meant as praise, and an advocate of the same “top down” economics as Mr. Romney.

For his part, Mr. Ryan does not think much of the president’s ideas either.

“He has put all of his policies in place, and they’re just not working,” Mr. Ryan told a partisan crowd in Manassas, Va., on Saturday evening. “Take a look at the results. We’ve got the worst recovery in 70 years.”

The president and Mr. Ryan know each other well. For nearly four years, they have been leading antagonists in an increasingly rancorous debate over the size and scope of government, one forced by projections of unsustainable and mounting debt as the population ages and health care costs keep rising.

And while it is not uncommon for a presidential candidate to know his rival’s No. 2 better than he knows the rival — think Al Gore and Dick Cheney, former House colleagues, in 2000; or George Bush and Senator Lloyd M. Bentsen, two Texans, in 1988 — the history between Mr. Obama and Mr. Ryan, the chairman of the House Budget Committee, makes for an especially intriguing showdown.

The early failure of any partnership to take hold between Mr. Obama and Mr. Ryan reflects the broader failure of the president’s promise, the core of his 2008 campaign, to bridge the chasm between Democrats and Republicans in Washington. The switch in Mr. Obama’s approach to Mr. Ryan over time — from conciliatory outreach to aggressive pushback — mirrors his changed relations with Republicans in general.

The two men, for all their policy differences, have some similarities. Both are young — Mr. Obama just turned 51, Mr. Ryan is 42. Both are intelligent and policy oriented. Each is sure of himself and of the rightness of his views, though Mr. Obama is widely seen as more pragmatic while Mr. Ryan is proudly, conservatively ideological. And both are men in a hurry. Mr. Obama reached for the presidency just two years into his first Senate term, and Mr. Ryan is widely viewed — including by Mr. Obama, aides say — as someone with presidential ambitions.

In Mr. Obama’s first year of managing the financial crisis and the recession he had inherited, he and Mr. Ryan had little contact. Republicans then were the minority in the House, and Mr. Ryan had no committee chairmanship from which to push his “road map” plan for deep tax cuts, an overhaul of federal entitlement programs and other changes he sees as essential to restoring the nation’s economic strength.

But by the start of 2010, as the economy showed signs — false ones, it turned out — of a strong recovery and Mr. Obama began thinking beyond short-term economic stimulus measures to reducing long-term annual budget deficits, he reached out to Mr. Ryan.

In January, the president joined House Republicans at their annual retreat and pointedly referred to Mr. Ryan.

“I think Paul, for example, head of the Budget Committee, has looked at the budget and has made a serious proposal,” Mr. Obama said.

“I’ve read it,” he said. “I can tell you what’s in it. And there are some ideas in there that I would agree with, but there are some ideas that we should have a healthy debate about because I don’t agree with them.”

Calling spending for Medicare, Medicaid and other public health programs “the major driver of our long-term liabilities, everybody here knows,” Mr. Obama said Mr. Ryan had “an entirely legitimate proposal” in his idea to transform Medicare into a voucherlike system that would pay current beneficiaries a capped amount to buy private insurance.

Mr. Ryan interjected that his proposed Medicare changes would not apply to people currently receiving benefits or to those within a decade of doing so. Mr. Obama continued, saying the problem with the plan was that the payments would not keep up with the rise in health care costs. At the close, the men shook hands and the president signed an autograph for Mr. Ryan’s young daughter.

Earlier in that session, Mr. Obama had also singled out Mr. Ryan to make a point less about policy than about politics in Washington.

“The problem we have sometimes is a media that responds only to slash-and-burn-style politics,” Mr. Obama said. “You don’t get a lot of credit if I say, ‘You know, I think Paul Ryan’s a pretty sincere guy and has a beautiful family.’ Nobody’s going to run that in the newspapers, right?”

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